Surface condenser



Dec. 8, 1925. L56454 J. E. GOODWILLH. Y

SURFACE CONDENSER Filed April 11 25 Qhwmtoz J61? 2117 6 00071017 he.

@Mw I it atented cc. 8, i925.

irso stares PATENT oFF-IcE.

JOHN E. GOODWILLIE, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO INGERSOLL-RAND- COMPANY, OF JERSEY CITY, NEW JERSEY, A; CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

summon CONDENSER.

Application filed April 11, 1925 Serial No. 22,250.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN E. Goonwlnmn, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of the borough of Brooklyn, city of New York, county of Kings, and State of New York, have invented a certain Surface Condenser, of which the following is a specification. accompanied by drawings.

This invention relates to condensers, but

more particularly to that type ofcond'enser known as surface-condenser, wherein a 'plu'-. rality of Water tubes extending through a. chamber transverse to the current of steam' to be condensed, provide cooling surface as it passes through the tubes by the ab-' sorption of heat from the. steam. Thus, or-

diiiarily that part of the condenser nearer the'water inlet end of'the tubes has a greater capacity for condensing steam than that portion of the condenser nearer the water out-' let.

it is also found'that unless special provision is made, the,,steam at the cooler end of the condenser an; not penetrate to the last row of tubes if the vacuum is such as to insure the steam reechin' no farther than the last row of tubes at t e warm end of the condenser. There is thus, a certain area at the cool end ofthe condenser which en forms no useful function since it .is not reached by the steam. One Way of express,

vide additional cooling tubes at ,the warmer end of the condenser in such-a manner as to increase the depth of the condenser "at the .warm end, in other words, to increase the length of the path of the steam at-the warm end to such an extent that when the steam is drawn into thecndenser t0 the last bank of tubes at the warm end, the

steam will also be drawn to-the'last bank of tubes at the cool end. In this case there will be substantially no waste or useless cooling surface provided. v

The invention will be more clearly under-. stood by reference to the drawing in which there is illustrated, a surface condenser of the water tube type constructed in accord,

ance with the practice of the invention.

The condenser is shown in vertical Iongitudinal section to more clearly show the in ternal arrangement of parts. t Thecasing A is provided with an'inlet B to admit the steam, and outlets C and C through which the condensate and incondensible gases are drawn out by r. vacuum ump or other-exhausting appara tus (not s ow-n).' The steamis condensed means of bycOntact with water tubes Til-extendingfrom end to end of the sushi .A trans verse to the direction of flow .o the steam.

The ends of the water tubes 1) are suitably sealedin tube sheets E and communicated at the inlet end with a water head F and at the discharge end with a waterhead G.

listhe water flows through the tubes D, it 1s heated, its temperature is raised by th heat absorbed by the condensing steam so that one end of each'tube is cool 'as'compared withthe other end. The difference Ordinarily, the temperature difference at the ends of the condenser may be 10 Fahrenheit, more or less. i It follows that the condensing surface at the two. 'euds of the tubes have diflerent c:i-' pacities. for condensing steam, that at the cool end being greater becauseof its lower temperature. If it be considered that the same quantity of steam passes to both ends' of the condenser, then the'nenetration of the live steam will be greater atthe warm end of the condenser than at the cool end because the cool end of the condenser has the greater capacity for absorbing the heat of, 'J-vaporization from the steam, the water best,

ing at a lower temperature.

It is understood that the steam is drawn through the banks of tubes D by the (ex-- hausting apparatus associated with the outlet G and that as high a degree of vacuum" as is practical, is maintained thereby at that outlet. Thus, if sufiicient supply of steam is admitted. at. the inlet. B, the steam will pend 'trate at the warm end of the condenser at least to the lowermost bank of tubes D While under these conditions the steam Will not penetrate to the same depth at the cool end of the condenser because of the more rapid condensation at the latter end.

-Under these: conditions also. there will I, then be a certain depth at the cool end be- ,yond which the cooling tubes are practically useless, since the condenser should be designed so that substantially no steam will pass to the outlet through-the warm end. The condenser may thereforebc built smaller and still be able to accommodate the steam.

- condensing the steam. since there is thus permitted a greater depth of steam penetration at the warm end than at the cool end so as to substantially equalize the condensing capacity at both ends of the con-.

denser.

A separate Water head J may be employed to supply cooling water to the tubes H, there being also a tube sheet K for sealing the ends of the tubes H at this head. The provision of separate Water heads F and J permits separate control of the flow of cooling water in the tubes D-and H, aS-under some circumstances, it may be desirable to maintain less velocity of flow in the tubes H than "in the tubes D. I

* As is usually the case in condensers having long tubes, a tube support in the form of a plate 0 is provided. The plate 0 may,

in this instance. perform the function of a partltion dIVldlIlL' ofl' the cool zone or end of the condenser from the warm end, thereby maintaining separate compartments, in one of which the tubes are comparatively cool tubes, the upper tubes being of less capacity l'ur coi'i'densing steam in the warmer end.

The condenser, above described, is thus divided into two zones of equal steam condensing capacity, each capable of being utilized over the entire water tube condensing surface without steam penetration beyond the last bank of tubes. ()ther arrangement of the supplementary tubes H, for accomplisliing this purpose, will become apparent for those skilled in the art without departing ruin the scope of the invention.

1. claim:

l. A surface condenser, comprising a sicam inlet and an outlet for condensate, longitudinal water tubes extending through the casino; transverse to the direction of flow oi the steam. and means for increasing the steam condensin, capacity of the warmer end of the condenser to substantially equal the steam condensing capacity of the cooler end.

2.1K surface condenser. comprising a' steam inlet and. an outlet for condensate,

end of the condenser.

3. A surface condenser, comprising a steam inlet and an outlet for condensate, longitudinal water tubes extending through the casing transverse to the direction of flow of the steam, and means for substantially equalizing the steam condensing" capacities at the two ends of the condenser. includina supplementary tubes to permit greater depth of steam penetration at the Warm end of the condenser. f

In testimony whereof I have signed this specification.

men n. eo onwnims. 

